The present invention relates to a microparticle separation element comprising; a focusing channel for focusing particles contained in a non-Newtonian fluid; a first branch part for moving the focused particles along the wall surface of a branch; and a second branch part for separating the particles using the difference in the amount of movement between the particles, wherein the microparticle separation element has a single inlet in order to increase convenience and performance efficiency, and uses only the characteristics of the non-Newtonian fluid without having to use an additional supplementary fluid, so that it is possible to separate microparticles, blood cells, and diseased cells according to size at high yield and high efficiency.
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