To provide an efficient absorption spectral system in which vacuum ultra violet (VUV) light facilitates spectroscopy of a substance in a VUV region.SOLUTION: A spectroscopy system 100 can be configured to measure solid, liquid or gaseous samples. Vacuum ultra-violet wavelength can be utilized. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used for detecting presence of trace concentration of gaseous species. A preferable gas flow cell 104 is disclosed. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used by using a gas chromatography system 130 so as to detect and identify species eluted from a column 133. Some of the disclosed techniques may be used in conjunction with an electrospray interface and a liquid chromatography system 130 so as to detect and identify gas phase ions of macromolecules produced from solution. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used to characterize chemical reaction. Some of the disclosed techniques can be used in conjunction with an ultra short-path length sample cell to measure liquid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
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