CVR-FOR-USW : CONTINUOUS FLOW VERMI-REACTOR FOR FAST TRACK URBAN SOLID WASTE TREATMENT.

摘要

"Continuous Flow Vermi Reactor for fast track Urban Solid Waste Treatment (CFVRFTUSW)" defines a functionality used to restrict an authorized access to the devices having confidential as well as personal data. Solid waste generation from urban neighborhood i.e. URBAN SOLID WASTE (USW) is very large - 1.5 to 2.0 kg/c/d.; of which 40 to 85 % is organic. Aerobic and anaerobic composting is tried for USW management. Aerobic composting systems: windrows, batch: very slow process, needs large areas and long retention times (10 to 12 weeks), and therefore not economically doable in developing countries like India. Anaerobic composting systems: landfills are usually accepted method for disposal of organic component of USW and solid waste residue. Landfills particularly ill maintained are not eco-friendly, release greenhouse gases, pollute (through leachate migration) water resources ground water plus surfaces downstream, require large areas (6 - 10 ha/lack population) and needs long retention time (few years). Vermicomposting is an eco-friendly process is very commonly used and universally adopted for solid waste management in agro-fields, where retention time is not a deciding parameter, land being amply available. Batch reactors for MSW using Endrilus Eugenia/Eisenia Foetida indicated process completion period of 21 days. Continuous flow reactor in vessel vermicomposting is tried for manure, food waste, bio-solids and other organic residuals. However, this technology is not yet tried on large scale for USW management under controlled conditions. It requires less space and run on decentralized basis inside the city area by reducing conveyance time and cost. The studies were undertaken through this research work, by a framework of understanding and implementation of biological and engineering principles underlying with a particular attention of continuous-flow reactor technologies. EiseniaFoetida used to produce vermicastings requiring minimum Retention Time"s under optimum environmental conditions. The end point of process is based on end product characteristic. This work develops models for collection and conveyance, and standardizes the process kinetic rate constant for vermicomposting flow reactor. This also reveals that the standardization of environmental parameters and performance, in order to access the efficacy of the vermicomposting process. RT(Retention Time) as less as 17 to 20 days, using specially designed continuous-flow vermin-reactor. Finally, this research work proposes continuous-flow vermin-reactor is a possible good alternative for USW management in and around urban areas and quicker circulation of nutrients (vermicomposting) to ecosystem.