Supply-demand balancing method and system for power management in smart grid

摘要

The present invention provides a new demand-response (DR) model for creating a power trading process between a utility company (UC), which is to balance demand and supply and lower the total load of a system, and a plurality of users. The interaction between the utility company (leader) and the user (follower) is standardized as a 1-leader and N-follower Stackelberg game, and the optimization problem of the Stackelberg game helps each participant choose an optimal strategy. A pricing function is adopted to adjust the real-time price, and acts as a coordinator while inducing user participation in the game. An iterative algorithm is proposed to derive Stackelberg equilibrium, and the Stackelberg equilibrium determines optimal power generation and power demand for the utility company and the users. According to the numerical results, it can be seen that the present invention efficiently restructures the demand of the users while lowering the maximum demand and filling a gap of the minimum demand, and significantly reduces an imbalance between demand and supply.