To provide a cell observation system and a cell observation method in which a large number of cells can be observed, and can be preferably used for identifying a specific cell (cancer cell).SOLUTION: A cell observation system 1A observes cells 30 that move in a flow channel 10 together with fluid 20, and comprises a first observation device 40, a second observation device 50, and a controller 60. The first observation device 40 comprises an objective lens 41 and a line camera 42. The second observation device 50 comprises an objective lens 51 and an area camera 52. The controller 60 determines whether or not a cell satisfies a specific condition by analyzing first imaging data output from the first observation device 40, commands the area camera 52 to output second imaging data regarding a cell which is determined to satisfy the specific condition, and determines whether or not the cell is a specific cell by analyzing the second imaging data output from the second observation device 50.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
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