To provide an exhaust emission control system of an internal combustion engine and an exhaust emission control method of the internal combustion engine capable of optimizing an amount of a reducer to variation of a catalyst temperature during a period of controlling a rich air-fuel ratio, in an exhaust emission control system including a NOx catalyst device having a NOx adsorption function, in particular, in the NOx catalyst device in which a rich reduction temperature range and a NOx slip temperature range are close to each other.SOLUTION: An NOx emission amount from a NOx catalyst device 21 is calculated by directly or indirectly using an acquired catalyst temperature during a period of rich air-fuel ratio control in regeneration control, then an amount of reducer necessary for controlling the rich air-fuel ratio is calculated from the NOx emission amount, and the reducer is supplied to an exhaust gas on the basis of a reducer supply amount.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
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