An example method for controlling a DC/DC converter or a standalone DC microgrid comprises an artificial neural network (ANN) based control method integrated with droop control. The ANN is trained to implement optimal control based on approximate dynamic programming. In one example, Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm is used to train the ANN, where the Jacobian matrix needed by LM algorithm is calculated via a Forward Accumulation Through Time algorithm. The ANN performance is evaluated by using power converter average and switching models. Performance evaluation shows that a well-trained ANN controller has a strong ability to maintain voltage stability of a standalone DC microgrid and manage the power sharing among the parallel distributed generation units. Even in dynamic and power converter switching environments, the ANN controller shows an ability to trace rapidly changing reference commands and tolerate system disturbances, and operate the DC/DC converter or the microgrid in standalone conditions.
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