An image is passed through an image identifier to identify a coarse category for the image and a bounding box for a categorized object. A mask is used to identify the portion of the image that represents the object. Given the foreground mask, the convex hull of the mask is located and an aligned rectangle of minimum area that encloses the hull is fitted. The aligned bounding box is rotated and scaled, so that the foreground object is roughly moved to a standard orientation and size (referred to as calibrated). The calibrated image is used as an input to a fine-grained categorization module, which determines the fine category within the coarse category for the input image.
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