The present invention relates to a system and a method for estimating a two-dimensional direction detecting error, which obtains a direction detecting error for various two-dimensional phase comparison direction detecting structures on the basis of a phase difference of signal sources received in multi-antenna. To detect a two-dimensional direction for a signal source using a phase comparison method, a direction detecting system according to embodiments of the present specification, comprises: an elevation angle and azimuth angle estimation equation deriving unit for deriving a relative elevation angle and relative azimuth angle estimation equation for antenna arrangement by using a phase difference of a signal source received in three or more antennas; a direction detecting error estimation unit for estimating a detection detecting error of the estimated azimuth angle and elevation angle by differentiating the estimated azimuth angle and elevation angle; and a setting unit for setting the length of a base line having the antennas arranged therein, the range of the azimuth angle and elevation angle, and a signal to noise ratio (SNR) in order to satisfy the accuracy of target direction detection for the signal source using the direction detecting error.
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