Rechargeable Alkaline Metal and Alkaline Earth Electrodes Having Controlled Dendritic Growth and Methods for Making and Using the Same

摘要

Apparatus for extending the life of a battery comprising an electrode having a metal portion, wherein the metal portion is selected from the group comprising lithium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and combinations thereof, an electrolytic permeable membrane and a metal den A metal dendrite seeding material is disposed between the electrode and the film. The electrode, the film and the metal dendrite seeding material are located in an electrolyte matrix. At least one dendrite extends from the electrode toward the electrolyte permeable membrane in combination with at least one dendrite extending from the dendrite seeding material.