METHOD OF SUBWAY VENTILATION DURING OPERATION IN STANDARD AND EMERGENCY MODES AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

摘要

FIELD: ventilation and air conditioning.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods and devices for subway ventilation, providing smoke protection of evacuation routes and removal of smoke from tunnels and metro stations. Ventilation chambers are used to construct bypass ventilation ducts in the construction design, located above and below the fans, and there are installed in them ventilation valves with electric drive, which are opened or closed at change of operation mode of ventilation network from standard to emergency one. In normal mode and when smoke on the platform, air is removed from the station, and supplied to the distillation tunnel, at that, normally open ventilation valves are open, normally closed ventilation valves are closed, and fans operate in straight run. When smoke in the distillation tunnel ventilation system is switched to emergency mode, in which air is removed from the distillation tunnel and supplied to the station, while normally open ventilation valves are closed, and normally closed ventilation valves are open, and fans are operating in forward motion. Thus, due to control of working position of ventilation valves, air flow is redirected along ventilation bypass channels while maintaining operation of fans with maximum efficiency. Ventilation device comprises bypass ventilation ducts with flow area of not less than 16 m², located at the top and bottom of the fans. In bypass ventilation channels there installed are controlled vent valves with electric drive, having flow area of not less than 16 m², which operation depends on the operating mode of the ventilation duct – normally open valves are open during operation in normal mode and closed during operation in emergency mode, normally closed valves are closed during operation in normal mode and open during operation in emergency mode, due to which valves redirect air flow while maintaining operation of fan in forward stroke, and inlet ventilation channel operates for drawing or for inflow.;EFFECT: providing and maintaining normalized parameters of microclimate at metro stations, limiting distribution of combustion products along evacuation routes, enabling operation of fans with maximum efficiency without loss of efficiency when switching to emergency mode.;2 cl, 5 dwg