A microbial fermentation system having a solid-liquid separation function is disclosed. A fermentation chamber is provided in the can, a power chamber is provided below the fermentation chamber, and a solid-liquid fermentation product is provided between the power chamber and the fermentation chamber. A sieving mechanism capable of separation is installed, a sieving plate and a sieving mechanism are installed in the fermentation chamber in the can, and the sieving mechanism lifts the sieving plate to form a sieving plate. A solid fermentation product and a liquid fermentation product can be separated, and the separated liquid can flow and return to the fermentation chamber through an external hole in the sieving plate. Then, the transposition mechanism can send the solid fermented product on the sieving plate into the solid chamber, and separate and store the solid fermented product and the liquid fermented product. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1
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