Ultrahigh pressure cooling purification method and apparatus for biomass synthesis gas for oil production

摘要

An ultra high pressure cooling and purification process and apparatus for an oil production biomass syngas, the process comprising: (1) performing two-stage waste heat recovery and cyclone dust removal processing, with by-products of high pressure and low pressure steam, (2) removing a portion of heavy tar precipitated out from the biomass syngas by cooling in a second stage indirect heat exchange process, (3) further removing dust and lowering a temperature using a washing solution, (4) conducting deep removal of dust and coke using a moist air flow, and purging to remove remaining small amounts of dust and tar fog in the biomass syngas, and causing the pressure thereof to drop to 0.3-1 MPa, so as to obtain a biomass syngas having respective dust and tar fog contents of less then 10 mg/Nm3, and a temperature of 45°C. The apparatus is mainly comprised of an integrated heat exchange and dust removal device, a packed tower scrubber and a wet electrostatic precipitator. By optimizing process plan design and controlling appropriate process parameters, the invention realizes stepped cooling of a biomass syngas, stepped recovery of waste heat, and stepped dust removal, and achieves the object of tar removal and cooling and purification.