Internal hybrid electrochemical energy storage cell having both high power and high energy density

摘要

Provided is an internal hybrid electrochemical cell comprising: (A) a pseudocapacitance cathode comprising a cathode active material that contains both graphene sheets and a porphyrin complex, wherein said porphyrin complex is bonded to or supported by primary surfaces of said graphene sheets to form a redox pair for pseudocapacitance; (B) a battery-like anode comprising lithium metal, lithium metal alloy, or a prelithiated anode active material (e.g. prelithiated Si, SiO, Sn, SnO₂, etc.), and (C) a lithium-containing electrolyte in physical contact with the anode and the cathode; wherein the cathode active material has a specific surface area no less than 100 m²/g which is in direct physical contact with the electrolyte.