Disclosed is a method for preparing a rare-earth modified Keggin-type heteropolyacid-supported catalyst. Carbon nanotube is used as support, and is oxidized to form openings and cut into short tubes by an acidic solution. Under the action of metal chlorides and alcohol solvents, the end and the defect sites on the side walls of the carbon nanotubes are combined with hydroxyl groups to obtain hydroxylated carbon nanotube. In this way, the surface properties of the carbon nanotube are changed, and the active components are more easily and firmly adsorbed on the carbon nanotube, thus the stability of the catalyst is improved
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