The present invention discloses a molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor based on carbon dots for detecting chloramphenicol (CAP) and its preparation method and its application. This invention uses carbon dots (CD) as fluorescence carrier and molecularly imprinted membrane (MIP) as enrichment container to synthesize fluorescent molecularly imprinted material with core-shell structure so that to achieve a rapid and specific detection of CAP. The reverse micro-emulsion method was used, firstly a reverse microemulsion system was established, CAP was used as a template molecule in the water phase, and a molecularly imprinted membrane was synthesized on the surface by using CD as a carrier. The prepared material is nano-sized microspheres with excellent water-dispersibility and stability. It has good sensitivity to the target substance CAP, rapid detection speed, strong specific selectivity, strong chemical stability and low cost, and has good application prospects in the detection of CAP.
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