ELECTRODES INCLUDING FLUOROPOLYMER-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE LAYERS AND BATTERIES AND VEHICLES UTILIZING THE SAME

摘要

Electrodes include a lithium-based host material with a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer including a polymer matrix including fluoropolymers, and LiF imbedded within the matrix. The SEI layer comprises about 5 wt. % to about 75 wt. % LiF. The LiF can be present within the polymer matrix as nanocrystals with an average diameter of about 5-500 nm. The one or more fluoropolymers can include and/or are the defluorination products of one or more of fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxy alkanes, vinylidenefluoride, and copolymers of perfluoromethylvinylether and tetrafluoroethylene. The —CF₃ functional groups of the one or more defluorinated fluoropolymers can be at least about 3 wt. % of the SEI layer. The lithium-based host material can include at least 50 wt. % lithium. The lithium-based host material can include a lithium-aluminum alloy, a lithium-silicon alloy, a lithium-tin alloy, a lithium-zinc alloy, or a lithium-germanium alloy. Battery cells and electric vehicles can utilize such electrodes.