VACUUM ROTARY AUTOMATIC DRYER FOR FRUITS, VEGETABLES, CEREALS, HERBS, MEDICINES AND GRANULATE

摘要

A vacuum rotary automatic dryer for fruits, vegetables, grains, herbs, medicines and granulate is composed of a box frame (5), a loading conveyor (6) and a hopper (7), whereby in the top section of the box frame (5) there is an axle (18) horizontally supported on which a frame (8) is mounted, in which a shaft (9) is supported with a central tube (26) on which a cylinder (4) is finely mounted with a cover (32), which are rotating using an electric motor (11), whereby in the cylinder (4), smaller cylinders (1) are inserted and fixed by inner perimeter, in which the products for drying are loaded. In the process of loading the product, the cylinder (4) with the cylinders (1) is placed in a vertical position, and in the drying process, it is rotated into a horizontal position by a pneumatic cylinder (19). Lower pressure in the smaller cylinders (1) is achieved using a vacuum pump (2), and the warm water, using a swivel joint (25), is fed through the (9) into the central tube (26) and the space of the cylinder (4) and flows around the outer surfaces of the small cylinders (1). The area under the cover (32) and in the small cylinders (1) is connected with a circulating pump (21) which pushes water while washing the product through a vacuum distributer (20) filling about 1/3 of useful volume. Through a PLC controller (22), cycles of washing and drying of the product take place automatically. Design of the dryer allows considerable reduction of the dimensions and quantity of the necessary energy, the evaporation with pressure below 50 mbar and a heating temperature below 40°C, exclusion of sticking of the product to the inner walls of the smaller cylinders (1) and the walls of augers (3, 41), washing of the product before drying and washing of the small cylinders (1) and augers (3, 41) after unloading of dried products, feeding chemical solutions in liquid or gaseous state, e.g. in order to protect grains from fungal diseases (aflatoxin, etc.), as well as solutions which enhance the appearance of the product after drying.