Process of gasification of solid materials that contain carbon, with an emphasized tar concentration and their catalytic conversion into carbon monoxide and hydrogen

摘要

The present invention discloses a process for gasifying solid carbon-containing materials with a high concentration of tars and their catalytic conversion to carbon monoxide and hydrogen, comprising preparing a gasification feedstock comprising dosing a gasification material, optional additives, adsorbent and water, gasifying said feedstock, single or multi-phase purification of the product gas, conversion of tars into synthesis gas and conduction of the synthesis gas through a series of heat exchangers and a dehumidifier. The process enables a higher permissible concentration of tars in the product gas, which enables autothermal catalytic conversion and at the same time gasification of low-quality or more complex materials with high moisture and / or dust contents, thus significantly expanding the applicability of the gasification process. The result of the process is a synthesis gas, free of tars, compounds S and Cl and dust particles and with low concentrations of moisture, CH4 and CO2, when air is used as the first oxidant, as well as N2. Said synthetic gas is suitable for use as raw material but energy. Residues after gasification are inorganic ash and condensate water, which is used as process water in the process itself.