A method of producing a device configured to estimate at least one fluid flow state in a conduit based on input data sensed by the device, comprises: obtaining training data S1 comprising information corresponding to at least one known fluid flow state and associated input data; applying a machine learning algorithm S2 to the obtained training data, in order to generate a decision tree S3 configured to output a fluid flow state based on sensed input data; and storing the generated decision tree S4 in a memory of the device. The device may comprise a sensor and may be installed at a first property, wherein obtaining the training data may comprise sensing input data using one or more devices installed at one or more further properties or at a laboratory installation. The input data may comprise temperature data, which may be the conduit temperature or an ambient temperature. The fluid flow state may be a leak state or a no-leak state, or the probability of either state.
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