Social Systems of Innovation and Comparative Institutional Advantage : Institution Problems in the Systems of Innovation (II)

摘要

The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between the social systems of innovation and u27comparative institutional advantageu27, by examining the way political economists explain the correlation between institutional arrangements and sectoral systems of innovation. First, we shed some light on the contributions of the organizational and institutional approaches to innovation in the u27regulationu27 approach (B. Coriat and O. Weinstein). They clarify the double nature and dimension of institutions: u27rules of the gameu27 and u27tangible resourcesu27. Secondly, they emphasize three series of institutional arrangements related to radical or incremental innovation: intellectual property rights regimes, corporate governance and the financing of innovation, and the industrial relations and educational systems. Third, we find that they discuss both the u27complementaritiesu27 between three different institutions, and relative institutional advantages for industrial sector, and then they present the two u27ideal typeu27 models: POE model (patent/outsider control/external labor market) and OII model (u27open knowledgeu27/insider control/internal labor market). Moreover, they argue the sectoral relevance of such contrasting models. Finally, the u27Varieties of Capitalismu27 approach (S. Casper and D. Soskice) also explore the relationship between institutional frameworks and firmlevel strategies, and find out, based on case studies aiming at recent institutional changes, the opposite patterns of u27subsectoru27 specialization in Germany and the United Kingdom.