La formalisation des publications scientifiques en sciences humaines : les sciences humaines et sociales à la recherche de fondements scientifiques

摘要

Since the 1950's, Human and Social Sciences have been thinking about the foundations of the scientific discourse. Since the 1980's, remote teaching practices have increased rapidly, and around 2002-2007, innovating supports were created to answer the needs of computer processing of the information. The scientific information is bound to the necessity to adapt to the new ways of making knowledge available. The scientific discourse in the human science field remains « an object ruled by the rhetorical system ». From it comes two ways of reasoning, either according to rational and experimental evidences or according to argumentation practices. The representation of the elected reasoning will then lead to either a set structure or a creative plan. These points of view are to be illustrated by new platforms and the results proposed as digital supports. The writing, referencing, editing, validating, diffusion, and reading practices of the Human Science discourse are changing and must be followed by a critical thinking study. The scientific publications play a major role in the scientific communication system. They have to match the needs of the two sides of the communication system, the informative side (representing the logical and relational aspect) and the communication side (representing the inter-personal aspect). Digital Medias as well as the discourse coming along with them can be defined as a new scientific communication phenomenon. The influence of the digitalized processing of the information has lead to the evolution of the way the scientific fields in Human Science are represented. This leads, even more than before, to a need to characterize the scientific discourse in the Human Science and to define it. To formalize scientific publications is to propose an organization and a structuring of the content by marking out, as well as the use of best practices and standards matching the needs of the different communities in order to make the digital documents production efficient.