Prevalence of cardiovascular risks factors and 10 year predictions of coronary heart disease in seafarers of Pertamina shipping (Indonesia)

摘要

Background Cardiovascular disease is (CVD) is becoming a major health problem in the world and they have to be taken into account in shipping companies. Employees and Company management should be aware of the dangers and implications, CVD can bring. Objectives To obtain the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and to evaluate the 10 year prediction of Coronary Heart Disease in both seafarers and onshore workers at Pertamina Shipping.Methods This is a cross sectional study using data of periodical Medical Fitness Examinations in 2009 among 348 active male seafarers and onshore workers, between ages of 40 - 55 years old working at Pertamina Shipping. A 10 year coronary risk is also evaluated andcomparison of the risk is made between the two groups using Fisher's exact values.Results Assessment cardiovascular risk factors of 348 male seafarers and onshore worker were done. The dominant independent CHD risk factors were Obesity (BMI 25%, 56%), dislipidemia (TC 200mg/dL and/or TG 150mg/dL, 72.1%), Smoking (43.7%) and Lackof Exercise (43.7%). After adjusting age and comparison to BMI and Cholesterol levels, in older age group seafarers (50-55 yrs old), the risk of a cardiovascular event was lower than onshore workers of the same age group. A low prevalence of 10 year predictions ofcardiovascular risk is observed in seafarers than onshore workers. Comparisons of the absolute risk, also showing the lower risk in older seafarers compared to other workers.Conclusion Seafarers at Pertamina Shipping are less likely to have cardiovascular events compared to on shore workers, due to "selection out of the job" where seafarers who are found to be obese, have diabetic conditions and have signs of possible cardiovascular disease,are refrained from continuing work at sea and are relocated to work onshore, or even retire. Keywords Occupational Risks, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Diseases, Ships