Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Vol. 50, No. RR-19, November 9, 2001. Revised Guidelines for HIV Counseling, Testing, and Referral and Revised Recommendations for HIV Screening of Pregnant Women.

摘要

These guidelines replace CDC's 1994 guidelines, HIV Counseling, Testing, and Referral Standards and Guidelines , and contain recommendations for public- and private-sector policy makers and service providers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, and referral (CTR). To develop these guidelines, CDC used an evidence-based approach advocated by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and public health practice guidelines. The recommendations are based on evidence from all available scientific sources; where evidence is lacking, opinion of 'best practices' by specialists in the field has been used. This revision was prompted by scientific and programmatic advances in HIV CTR, as well as advances in prevention and the treatment and care of HIV-infected persons. These advances include (1) demonstrated efficacy of HIV prevention counseling models aimed at behavioral risk reduction; (2) effective treatments for HIV infection and opportunistic infections; (3) effective treatment regimens for preventing perinatal transmission; and (4) new test technologies.