1. Measurements of the extreme pressure properties of more than 110 cutting fluids and lubricants were taken in accordance with Federal Standard VV-L-791e, Method 650.3, using the Shell Four-Ball Extreme Pressure Lu¬bricants Tester. An accelerated method which was previously evaluated by Springfield Armory and described in Report SA-TR18-1054 was applied to facilitate the tests.n2. The materials tested included 13 one-component, nonproprietary fluids; 12 straight proprietary formulations; 43 two-component mixtures based on pro¬prietary additives; 12 blends containing chemical additives; 24 multiple component mixtures based on various additive combinations; and 6 soluble oil formulations which used 1 part soluble oil to 20 parts of water.n3. Significant data, such as Mean Hertz Load, Seizure Load, and Weld Load, were collected and tabulated. A wear-load diagram was plotted to illus-trate the division into categories of the various materials tested.n4. The mechanism of a typical test run was analyzed to demonstrate the analogy between the Shell Four-Ball tests and actual machining operations. The distinction between extreme pressure and nonextreme pressure materials was shown by means of generalized wear-load diagrams, and an explanation was made of the similarity between simple “lubricity” and the antiweld or ex¬treme pressure characteristic of a fluid.
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