Effects of Methyl Parathion on Red-Winged Blackbird ('Agelaius phoeniceus')Incubation Behavior and Nesting Success

摘要

Free-living female red-winged blackbirds were captured on their nests and givenoral doses of 0, 2.37 or 4.21 mg/kg methyl parathion in a propylene glycol carrier during incubation. Birds were released immediately after dosing and observed for 5 h to document behavioral effects, amount of time spent off the nest after dosing and time spent incubating. Each nest was monitored until nestlings fledged or until all nestlings died or disappeared. For each nest, the time of abandonment, hatching success and fledgling success were determined. In addition, prefledgling weights were obtained for all nestlings in nests at 8 d after hatch. Although methyl parathion caused ataxia, lacrimation and lethargy and significantly depressed cholinesterase activity (>35%) at 4.21 mg/kg, there were no apparent adverse effects on reproduction. Females receiving 4.21 mg/kg methyl parathion were able to return to their nests, resume incubation, successfully hatch their clutch and rear their young. Nestlings of poisoned females did not have significantly different body weights at 8 d compared to controls, indicating that methyl parathion did not disrupt the females; ability to forage and deliver adequate food to nestlings.