Theory of recombination x-ray lasers based on optical-field ionization

摘要

Ultrashort-pulse, high-intensity laser drivers have the potential for creating tabletop-size x-ray lasers by ionizing the target gas via the electric field of the laser pulse. For appropriate plasma conditions following ionization, lasing can occur during the subsequent rapid recombination. A review of the theory and modeling for these optical-field-ionized x-ray lasers is presented. Particular attention is given to the issues of electron beating and ionization-induced refraction. We summarize modeling in support of experiments where evidence of lasing in H-like Li at 135 (Angstrom) was obtained. In addition, we present modeling results for lasing in Li-like N at 247 (Angstrom). We briefly discuss new applications appropriate for tabletop-size high-repetition-rate x-ray lasers.