Radiation problems in the design of a radioactive nuclear beam facility

摘要

Radioactive Nuclear Beam (RNB) facilities are proposed or under construction in North America, Japan, Russia, and in Europe. The front ends of these facilities are very similar to intense neutron spallation sources in that they require approximately 1 GeV, (>=) 100 (mu)A proton beams incident on thick high-Z targets, possibly including enriched uranium. This paper will summarize some of the radiation transport modeling problems and solutions encountered in the preconceptual design of such a facility. Issues to be addressed include Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates modeling of deep penetration shielding, target heating and residual mass yields. Comparisons are made between empirical data (Tsao and Silberberg), when available, and computer codes (FLUKA, LAHET, TWODANT). Suggestions are made for further improvement and development of existing models and experimental measurements.