Availability and Economics of CO sub 2for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Appalachia.

摘要

CO sub 2sources are ammonia plants,gas wells located in southern West Virginia,and power plant flue gases. Literature regarding the application of CO sub 2recovery systems to sour gases and ammonia production is quite extensive and published design information permits the selection of a number of well-developed processes. The application of conventional CO sub 2separation systems to flue gases containing SO sub 2is sparse. Additional research is necessary before power plant flue gases in Appalachia can be considered viable CO sub 2sources. Estimates of CO sub 2production costs from gas wells using the Benfield system ranged from $4.68to $8.65per ton of CO sub 2produced,depending on the size and concentration of the wells considered,as indicated in the text. This is in contrast to the preliminary production cost of $13.00/ton CO sub 2when a flue gas was used as the CO sub 2source and a large solvent make-up was employed to account for solvent losses due to the presence of SO sub 2 . These costs do not account for any transportation or pressurization required for the development of large-scale CO sub 2floods,but by way of comparison commercial charges for delivered CO sub 2in this region are in the neighborhood of $35-40/ton. (ERA citation 03:034499)