Classification of Catalytic Reactions Based on Molecular Surface Science

摘要

The surface science studies of catalytic reactions which have been performed to date indicate that there are three types of metal-based catalytic systems: (1) the first encompasses reactions that occur directly on a bare metal surface; (2) the second class includes reactions occurring on an overlayer that is irreversibly bound to the metal surface; and (3) reactions on coadsorbate modified surfaces fall into the third category. These catalysts contain additives that alter the bonding of reactants to the surface, or block specific reaction sites, altering reaction pathways. The following accounts present case histories of surface science studies of catalytic processes representing each of the three categories. We shall discuss ways in which these reaction types may be identified by experiments. Finally, some of the methods that could be employed to build catalysts with desirable properties will be reviewed. 90 refs., 20 figs., 2 tabs. (ERA citation 14:020175)