Implications and Origins of Shock Structure in Solids.

摘要

One dimensional plane shock waves have been widely used to study the mechanical response of solids to high velocity impact. For many materials, under a certain range of impact pressures, there exists a two-wave structure of which the first wave, the so-called elastic precursor, travels at a velocity near to that of sound waves, while the second wave, the so-called plastic shock wave, travels at a slower speed which increases with impact pressure. While the full two-wave structure is thus not steady (i.e., does not propagate without change of form), each component wave may be treated as steady after sufficient propagation distance. While a variety of subtleties can be involved in treating the elastic precursor, I wish to discuss here just those aspects of a material's constitutive nature that evince themselves in steady, structured, plastic shock waves. 14 refs., 11 figs.