Overview of Reactor Concepts, a Survey of Reactor Designs

摘要

Nuclear reactors have been a reliable energy source for many years. Commercial nuclear power plants have an unparalleled safety record. In fact, no power plants of conventional nature such as coal, petroleum, or hydroelectric have a better safety record. Nuclear plants are virtually pollution-free. But perhaps their biggest attractive feature is fuel economy. Only a hydroelectric power plant has a clear cut lead on fuel cost, but they are restricted geographically to sufficient waterways that support them. These reasons, and many more, make nuclear reactors technically attractive as an energy source. It is the purpose of this paper to summarize some basic reactor physics along with a simple description of different reactor types and their designs. This will yield some insight as to the technology and feasibility of nuclear reactors as power generators without imposing too much technical detail. When the facts are weighed against preconceived notions, nuclear energy is seen in a more favorable perspective.