Human Exercise and Heat Exchange in Thermal Environments

摘要

The thermal-physiological strain imposed by an exercise-environmental condition depends upon the individual's metabolic rate and the capacity for heat exchange with the environment. In hot environments, applied physiology issues concerning the capacity of humans to thermoregulate include the influence of an individual's acclimation state, aerobic fitness, hydration level, and circadian rhythms as well as the type of physical exercise performed. In cold environments, issues include further investigation of human cold acclimation, as well as the influence of body fat and exercise type on the resistance to hypothermia during cold water exposure. Emerging instrument/engineering technologies for the measurement of core temperature, sweating rate, skin blood flow and shivering offer promise for studying physiological responses in different environments. Keywords: Biomedical instrumentation; Biengineering; Heat stress; Cold stress; Exercise; Human temperature regulation.