Outlet Works for Seven Oaks Dam, Santa Ana River, San Bernardino County,California

摘要

A 1:25-scale physical model reproduced 225 ft of the surrounding topographyupstream of the outlet works tower of Seven Oaks Dam, San Bernardino County, CA; the main tower with trash structure and the multilevel withdrawal tower; 50 ft of the 9-ft-diameter air vent shaft; and 748 ft of the 18-ft-wide by 9-ft-high rectangular open channel conduit. The model conduit discharged into a flume where the topography representing 1,600 ft of the exit channel was later installed. The main and multilevel withdrawal towers laid back into the mountainous terrain at a 4V on 1H slope and were connected by a 5-ft-wide by 7-ft-high gated passageway. Average and dynamic hydrostatic pressures in the outlet works structure, air demand in the midtunnel flow control section, average velocities in the open channel conduit, and scour potential downstream of the outlet works exit portal were measured. An energy dissipator at the exit portal was designed. Return velocities and wave heights in the plunge pool energy dissipator, the plunge pool apron stability, water-surface differentials across the apron, and uplift pressures along the roof of the midtunnel control section were obtained.... Aeration, Hydraulic model, Seven Oaks Dam, Apron stability, Outlet works, Scour, Energy dissipator, Riprap.