Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a leading cause of infant death in the developing world. Since its discovery in 1963 and its later recognition as a human pathogen, rotavirus has been recognized as the leading cause of infectious gastroenteritis worldwide, including in developed countries. Although improvements in the quality of water, housing, and sanitary infrastructures and the use of antimicrobial therapy have reduced the frequency of gastrointestinal disease caused by other enteric pathogens, the magnitude of rotavirus infection has remained unchallenged.
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