Influence of long-term fertilization with different mineral fertilizers and farmyard manure on some soil chemical properties and crop yields

摘要

A long-term fertilization experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Lyczyn near Warsaw, Poland. Application ofmineral fertilizers, especially N fertilizers with and without farmyard manure accelerated the acidification process of the soil. Application of 1.6 t CaO ha~(-1) every four years was essential to maintenance of the soil pH_(KCl) at 5.5 approx 6.6 and base saturation degree above 60%. Application of 50 t farmyard manure ha~(-1) every 4 years, which contained 46 kg P and 240 kg K, was sufficient to maintain both the K and P fertility of the soil. Besides, it was beneficial to alleviating soil acidification. As a result of long-term unbalanced fertilization, yield responses to N, P and K fertilizers increased significantly with time. The efficiency of N from farmyard manure was found to be comparable to that of N fertilizer during 1988 approx 1991.