Some evolutionary features of bryozoans of the genus Neotrematopora Morozova and new Neotrematopora species from the Devonian of the Salair Ridge and Rudnyi Altai (Russia)

摘要

The evolution of the Neotrematopora species is shown to trend in the direction of developing stronger colonies, implemented in different ways: through changes in the diameter of apertures and thickness of walls of autozooecia, changes in the location and number of diaphragms, number of acanthozooecia and mesozooecia, and the degree to which the latter are filled. An increased development of some structural elements of the colony was compensated for by a decrease in the role of others. Based on the general direction of evolution in the genus Neotrematopora and the succession of its species changing each other in time, several phylogenetic lines in the development of the Early Devonian-Early Givetian Neotrematopora species in the Altai-Sayan folded region are outlined. During the Middle Emsian transgression the species of the Salair paleobasin invaded Gornyi Altai, and those of the Gornyi Altai invaded the Salair. New species from the Emsian (N. spinula sp. nov.) and Eifelian (N. alveolata sp. nov., N. ariadnae sp. nov.) stages of the Salair Ridge and from the Emsian Stage (N. rudnoaltaica sp. nov.) of Rudnyi Altai are described.