Enzymatic polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in Leishmania Ross, 1903 (Sarcomastigophora: Kinetoplastida): a case study in Colombia.

摘要

Leishmaniasis is widespread in Colombia and is found in 30 of 32 Departments. More than 200 infection zones have been reported from different regions, which vary from sea-level to an altitude of 2300 m along the Atlantic Coast, Pacific coast, Amazonbasin, Cauca and Magdalena valleys. 76 Leishmania stocks isolated from humans, dogs and phlebotomine hosts are reported. Isoenzyme electrophoresis revealed 16 zymodemes, which could be divided into 4 phylogenetic complexes, i.e., L. braziliensis, L. amazonensis, L. guyanensis/panamensis and L. infantum. Three zymodemes became integrated into the subgenus Leishmania and the other zymodemes into the subgenus Viannia. Cutaneous infections were due to the L. braziliensis (9.2%) and L. guyanensis/panamensis(85.54%) complexes. Mucous secondary involvement was due to the L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis/panamensis complexes. The specific status of L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) panamensis is discussed.