Guidelines for the management of obstructive hydrocephalus from suprasellar-prepontine arachnoid cysts using endoscopic third ventriculocystocisternostomy.

摘要

Intracranial endoscopy has emerged as an innovative surgical tool for various intracranial procedures, but its use remains limited to neurosurgeons trained in this minimally invasive technique. Complex, skull base arachnoid cysts represent one entity that is challenging to treat because of adjacent critical neurovascular structures; however, the advent of intracranial endoscopic techniques has revolutionized treatment. Arachnoid cysts located in the suprasellar-prepontine skull base region can cause obstructive hydrocephalus or symptomatic mass effect and require urgent decompression. These patients may present with nonfocal symptoms that can quickly lead to a life-threatening condition if not accurately diagnosed and treated. The authors present a summary of the world literature of suprasellar-prepontine arachnoid cysts (SPACs) to ascertain clinical presentations and provide class III evidentiary treatment guidelines for this uniquely challenging type of arachnoid cyst. Urgent endoscopic third ventriculostomy results in normalization of intracranial pressure, return of normal CSF flow, and relief of symptoms.