Implementation of High Rate Biogas Plant and Other GHG Redaction Strategies to Mitigate Climate Change and tn Reduce Carbnn Footprint

摘要

The increased concentrations of key greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere are due to direct consequence of human activities. Since, anthropogenic greenhouse gases accumulate in the atmosphere, they produce net warming by strengthening the natural "greenhouse effect". Carbon dioxide (C02) concentrations in the atmosphere have been increasing over the past century compared to the rather steady level of the pre-industrial era (about 280 parts per million in volume, or ppmv). The 2005 concentration of C02 (379 ppmv) is about 35 percent higher than in the mid-1800s, with the fastest growth occurring in the last ten years (1.9 ppmv/year in the period 1995-2005). Recent data show that global C02 emissions increased by 0.4 Gt C02 between 2007 and 2008, which represented a growth rate of 1.5 percent. Significant increases have also occurred in levels of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20). A growing body of evidence establishes the links between climate change and the C02 emissions that arise from energy production and consumption. In its Fourth Assessment Report 14, the IPCC concluded: 'Most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse-gas concentrations'. Energy production and use play important roll because energy represents about 65 percent of global anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. Therefore, reducing emissions must necessarily start with reduced energy consumption and associated emissions from fuel combustion.