The recent introduction of the neotropical tramp ant Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) into Vanuatu archipelago (Southwest Pacific) [Review]

摘要

We discuss the spread of Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) into northern Vanuatu and review the implications of this invasion for agriculture and people welfare. We also discuss the lack of knowledge about the Vanuatu ant fauna (only 46 recorded species, in 28 genera) and the threats this invasion is weighing on. The invader was first detected on Vanua Lava, Banks Islands, by mid 1998. It now infests more than 1200 hectares on Vanua Lava and neighboring Mota islet. Human mediated dispersion appears to be the principal cause of its spread, as the ant's intrinsic dispersion capacity is low. An eradication program does not appear to be a realistic-goal, given the actual extent of the invasion. Slowing the spread of the exotic ant appears to be more feasible and cost effective. Containment measures are thus recommended, such as the interdiction of agricultural products exportation from infested areas associated with careful quarantine control in every potential entry point in the archipelago (airports, harbors and island wharves, nursery plantations...). These measures necessitate goodwill cooperation of Vanuatu people and should be associated with actions aimed to inform and to educate about the exotic ant problem as well as on the necessity to support the containment measures.