The use of spinal osteotomy in the treatment of spinal deformity.

摘要

In the nonpathologic condition, the human spine is balanced by alternating curves. The flexible, lordotic cervical spine typically has 20deg to 40deg of lordosis. It is balanced by the rigid, kyphotic thoracic spine's 20deg to 50deg of angulation. The ribs connect via the costovertebral joints to the sternum, forming what some authors have termed the fourth column of the spine. Following the thoracic spine is the flexible,lordotic lumbar spine. The lordosis of the lumbar spine is 30deg to 60degand is crucial in many respects. Disruption of the alternating curves of the spine can lead to sagittal imbalance. In particular, kyphosis of the lumbar spine is poorly tolerated. Sagittal balance is measured by a plumb (gravity) line falling from the vertebral body of C2 or C7.