Integrated pest management in rice to improve productivity and sustainability

摘要

Over reliance on highly toxic, hazardous pesticides has increased environmental pollution. Development of resistance in insects, disease causing organisms, weed flora and the problem of minor pest becoming major pests due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides have been well documented. The use of less toxic compounds of natural plant origin, host resistance, bioagents, adoption of cultural practices (such as summer ploughing, application of moderate N levels etc.) and the inclusion of non-rice crops in cropping systems are important components for the implementation of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme. The development of improved varieties reduces the need for pesticides. Sampling plans, surveillance, forecasting systems and the determination of economic thresholds are essential tools in an economic pest control strategy. Active involvement of extension personnel and non-government organizations are important for the successful implementation of IPM programmes. Training of the farmers on the knowledge-intensive components of IPM is essential for its successful implementation. The feasibility of integration of various components of IPM in practical field application in reducing pests, diseases and weeds is discussed.