Application of a volume holographic grating in a CaF2 crystal for measuring linear displacements with nanoscale accuracy

摘要

A holographic method for measuring linear displacements based on the use of a highly stable volume scale hologram recorded in an additively colored calcium fluoride crystal with photochromic color centers is proposed and experimentally approved. The essence of this method lies in measuring and analyzing harmonic signals formed during linear displacement of crystal with a volume hologram in an external interference field. A physical model of the formation of harmonic signals in photodetectors when measuring displacements is considered, and a mathematical method for calculating linear displacements by plotting a Lissajous figure is substantiated. A laboratory breadboard of a device for measuring linear displacements in a range of 10 mm, limited by the aperture of crystal with a recorded 8.7-mm-thick hologram, is designed. When using a scale hologram with a period of 2.18 mu m and a 632.8-nm He-Ne laser for reading this hologram, the error in measuring displacements by this method is 9 nm at a resolution of 3 nm.