Variability of the Transparency and Suspended Matter Contents in the Surface Layer of the Northwestern Part of the Black Sea

摘要

Using the data of long-term synchronous optical,biological,and hydrochemical observations (1978-1995),the features of the formation of the horizontal distribution of the transparency and suspended matter and their variability and correlations in the surface layer of the northwestern shelf and adjacent waters of the open part of the Black Sea during the winter-spring time are considered.By the degree of the effect of the riverine runoff and of the waters of the open sea upon the formation of the distribution of these parameters,three areas are distinguished.For each of them,the distributions of salinity,transparency,total suspended matter,and its organic components (organic carbon and nitrogen,chlorophyll a),as well as the relative content of organic carbon in the total suspended matter,and of chlorophyll a in organic carbon are considered.In all of the areas,during both of the seasons,a good correlation of the distribution of transparency and suspended matter and their dependence on the water dynamics were obtained.It was shown that the extreme anthropogenic impact exclusively attacked the mixing zone between the riverine and marine waters where,during the late spring,the content of suspended organic matter reached the level characteristic of eutrophic waters.In other areas,the distributions of transparency and suspended matter were mainly determined by the intensity of phytoplankton vegetation and by the water dynamics.