Improving the accuracy of the grinding of conical external surfaces

摘要

Parts with high-precision conical external surfaces are widely used in machine building. However, it is difficult with the existing machining techniques to obtain high precision of the shape of these surfaces. The technique that is most widely used for the machining of these surfaces is grinding - in which a grinding wheel with a continuous working surface is set at an angle to the surface that is being ground and the workpiece is oscillated longitudinally relative to the wheel [1]. In any cross section of the workpiece the working segments of the wheel of identical length interact with segments of differing length of the surface that is being ground. With uniform distribution of the machining allowance over the surface of the workpiece and proportionality of the number of grains to the length of the wheel working surface, the grains remove differing microvolumes of the metal, since the radius of the wheel in the transverse section is constant. This leads to nonuniform removal of the allowance in each cross section of the workpiece and, consequently, to distortion of the shape of the conical surface and to reduction of its quality because of the high temperature in the zone of wheel contact with the workpiece. The new conical surface grinding technique [2] significantly increases the accuracy of the shape and improves the quality of the surface.