Mining methods with backfilling - environmentally friendly technologies

摘要

Man has engaged in excavating materials since the beginning of mankind, has continued to do so ever since and is likely to continue doing so in the foreseeable future. Regardless of the current state of the mining industry, ore extraction remains and will remain one of man's most basic and important activities. There can be no progress or development without raw materials. Mining has also always had an environmental effect and technological methods for ore extraction and processing must encompass some elements of environmental protection, in line with current legislation and modem technological achievements. By introducing a closed environmental-technological cycle it is possible to assure environmentally friendly ore extraction and processing. Mining methods with backfilling have an advantage in this respect. Being an environmentally friendly technology, it is more attractive than other technologies and is as such being used increasingly frequently. Backfilling introduces additional cost into the mining pro-cess but tends to make overall costs lower by decreasing negative environmental impact, increasing personnel safety and reducing maintenance costs. Introducing a closed environmental-technological cycle into surface mining requires immediate reclamation of the degraded surface and enables us to fill used parts of the surface dig with different types of waste material.