Nanoparticle-Based Positron Emission Tomography and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging of Cancer

摘要

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively investigated for cancer diagnosis and treatment by serving as either the carriers of small molecular agents or functional nanoentities towards the ultimate goal of nanomedicine. Such endeavors have been facilitated by combining with noninvasive molecular imaging techniques, especially positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), because of their high sensitivity and capability of imaging quantification. To introduce the oncologic application of NP-based PET and SPECT imaging, this review provides the fundamental knowledge of PET and SPECT imaging for nanomedicine scientists to understand what to expect from these imaging techniques. Following an introduction to the general concepts of constructing NPs for molecular cancer imaging, recent advances in NP-based cancer research using PET and SPECT are summarized including multimodality imaging and theranostic applications. Future directions and challenges in this promising field are also discussed.