The traditional teaching is that you get epiretinal membranes (ERMs) after a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Vitreous separation sets up a sequence of events that leads to fibroglial proliferation on the surface of the retina, which is the ERM. With vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT), there is a posterior detachment of the vitreous except for a varying extent of remaining vitreous adhesion to the macula and optic nerve region. Figure 1 shows a detachment of the vitreous, except for the region around the optic nerve and macula, which induces changes in the macula.
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