Effect of different fertility systems on fresh forage yield and qualitative traits of forage corn.

摘要

An appropriate sustainable agricultural technology system is an important technical support of the promotion of sustainable agricultural development. The concept of sustainable agriculture is increasingly on the use of chemicals and finding alternatives for their replacement without affecting the quality and the quantity of forage production. This investigation was conducted in 2011 at Khaton Abad Agricultural Research Station of Islamic University (Khorasgan Branch), Esfahan, Iran. A strip layout within randomized completely block design with three replications was used. The experiment was related to the effects of green manure and farm yard manure on forage yield and chemical characteristics. Green manures included barley, rye, triticale and clover with two levels of farm yard manure, namely, 30 and 60 t/ha and one treatment of chemical fertilization as a control treatment in main strip and decomposition time of manures in two levels, the first one was one day after turning green manure to soil and the second one was four weeks after returning of them. Crop had significant influence on fresh forage yield, nitrate of leaf and protein content, moreover, experimental characteristics such as fresh forage yield, biological yield, nitrate of leaf, nitrate of stem, protein and ash were influenced by different management. Even though the highest fresh forage yield and biological yield of forage corn were related to barley usage as a green manure, the maximum nitrate of leaf was related to this treatment. Forage corn plantation after rye also obtained the maximum nitrate of stem, which had no significant difference with cultivation of barley as a green manure. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in fiber among treatments. In spite the fact that triticale cultivation obtained the highest protein and ash percentage, there was not any significant difference in ash percentage among treatments. The highest biological yield and fiber percentage of forage corn were observed in residue retention for four weeks and crop residue incorporation, respectively. Furthermore, there were not any significant differences in these both experimental characteristics between treatments mentioned above and residue burning. The highest fresh forage yield, protein percentage and of course ash percentage were achieved in residue burning. In conclusion, it seems that residue burning accompanied with usage of triticale as a green manure was the best choice to achieve high quality, but for obtaining the most fresh forage yield and biological yield of forage cron, triticale plantation can be replaced by barley cultivation.